Surgical Sperm Retrieval (TESA / PESA / Micro-TESE)
What is surgical sperm retrieval?
When no sperm is found in the ejaculate (azoospermia), it can often still be collected directly from the testes or epididymis through minor procedures. The retrieved sperm is then used with ICSI to fertilise the egg — making biological fatherhood possible even in severe male infertility.
What are TESA, PESA, and Micro-TESE?
These are the three main techniques, chosen to suit the cause. PESA draws sperm from the epididymis with a fine needle; TESA retrieves sperm directly from the testicular tissue; and Micro-TESE is a precise microsurgical method that locates sperm-producing areas under high magnification — the most effective option for the most difficult cases.
When is it needed?
Surgical retrieval is used for azoospermia — whether from a blockage (obstructive) or from low production (non-obstructive) — as well as after a previous vasectomy, failed reversal, or when sperm can’t be ejaculated.
Is it an OPD-based procedure?
Largely, yes. PESA and TESA are quick day-care procedures under local anaesthesia or light sedation, with same-day discharge. Micro-TESE is a slightly longer microsurgical procedure but still allows you to go home the same day.
Have any questions?
FAQs
Is the procedure painful?
Discomfort is minimal. It’s done under anaesthesia, with only mild soreness afterwards that settles in a day or two.
Can retrieved sperm be frozen?
Yes — any sperm collected can be frozen and stored for future IVF/ICSI cycles, avoiding the need to repeat the procedure.
How successful is surgical sperm retrieval?
Success varies with the cause. In obstructive cases sperm is almost always found; in non-obstructive cases, Micro-TESE offers the best chance.
Will we still need IVF or ICSI?
Yes — retrieved sperm is used with ICSI, where a single sperm is injected into the egg, to achieve fertilisation.
Meet Our Specialists
Dr. Daniel
Dr. Barbara